You are doing biology field work studying two species of lizards on a small volcanic island. although quite hostile to each other when they accidentally meet, the two species usually remain in separate parts of the island. species a seems to live and hunt insects only in the lower grassland part of the island. species b seems to live and hunt only in the upper rocky areas. species a has a short tongue but has longer legs and is a faster runner. species b is short, squat, runs slower, but has a long tongue. you observe species a chasing down some pretty large, fast- moving insects, while species b meanders from rock to rock, using its long tongue to get insects hiding between rocks and in cracks. what principle of ecology do your two lizard species demonstrate?

Allopatric speciation , by geographical  isolation

Explanation:

Allopatric speciation   occurs  when two populations are separated  by geographical barrier from one another.

The differences in their traits as new species, is due to  influence  of  selective pressures in their individual  new environments on the morphological, physiological and behavioural features leading to the formation of a new  species..

"1. it should be, it has been for about 20 years, and it's really not much different in the end than breeding animals to have particular traits. there are always concerns about genetically engineered animals/plants affecting the environment in unexpected negative ways, but i can't think of an example where the fears didn't turn out to be baseless.  

first, as you point out, it would be a great advance in pharmacology, to be able to tailor drugs and their doses to me. the pros involve better medical treatment. the cons involve privacy issues like insurance companies denying coverage to people with genetic risk factors. looking at dna markers wouldn't affect the frequency of genetic diseases, but it would allow detection of them earlier. and ok, actually i suppose that if people used this information to avoid having children with genetic diseases, some might decrease in frequency."

correct answer: understand the different control methods available

integrated pest management is an strategy that is based on the ecosystem and try to prevent the pest and the damage caused by them by applying combination of technique like habitat manipulation, biological control and use of resistant varieties.

the main aim of the integrated pest management is not to completely eliminate the pest but to strengthen the ecosystem so that conditions are favorable for plants and unfavorable for pests.