Bicarbonate ions which migrate from red blood cells into the surrounding fluid are replaced by ions.

chloride ions

Explanation:

This movements of  chloride ions  into the blood plasma to replace the outward diffused bicarbonate ions is  called  chloride shift, It  occurs  to restore the blood ionic balance altered by the bicarbonate ions diffusion out into plasma

The same amounts of Chloride ions replaced the lost amount of  bicarbonate ions

your answer would be a, maximum exploitation of resources.

c is the correct answer!