Use this information to answer the question(s) below: a researcher found a method she could use to manipulate and quantify phosphorylation and methylation in embryonic cells in culture. in one set of experiments she succeeded in increasing acelylation of histonc fails which of the 6 following results would she most likely see? a) decreased binding of transcription factors b) inactivation of the selected genes c) decreased chromatin condensation d) increased chromatin condensation

D

Explanation:

Acetylation of Histone Tail is defined as the process of introduction of an Acetyl functional group to the Amino Acid of the histone tail through the action of specialized enzymes called Histone Acetyl Transferase(HAT) or Histone Deacetylase (HDAC).

Now according to the question that states that the scientist have devised a method to increase acetylation of histone tails we need to find out the effect it has on the chromatin condensation state.To understand the effect we first need to understand what effect does acetylation have on chromatin structure  that is  

It removes the positive charge on the histone tail thereby reducing its affinity for the negatively charged phosphate groups of DNA.

It also reduces the affinity for adjacent nucleosomes thereby leading to a considerable reduction in the ability of nucelosomes arrays to form highly ordered chromatin structures.

Finally the most important aspect of acetylation lies in creating a transcription enabling environment to allow the increased interaction of histone with regulatory proteins.In other words this leads to structural changes in the nucleosomes.

Hence it is perfectly justified to claim that that increase in acetylation of Histone Tails will eventually lead to decreased Chromatin Condenstaion.

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