Which of the following sequences shows a frameshift mutation compared to the wild-type mrna sequence?

a. wild-type 5'-augcauacauuggaguga-3 mutant 5-augcaugugacauuggaguga-3'
b. wild-type 5-augcauacauuggaguga-3 mutant 5'-augcauacaucuggaguga- 3'
c. wild-type 5'-augcauacauuggaguga-3' mutant 5-augcauacagaguga-3'
d. wild-type 5-augcauacauuggaguga-3 mutant 5-augcauacguuggaguga- 3"

Option C:

B. wild-type 5-AUGCAUACAUUGGAGUGA-3 mutant 5'-AUGCAUACAUCUGGAGUGA- 3' 

Explanation:

A frameshift mutation is a genetic mutation such that the triplet nature of gene expression by codons, the insertion or deletion occurs in such as way that it alters the complete sequence of 3 codon sets and can change the reading frame, resulting in a completely different translation from the original.

As it is pertinent to understanding that all genes are normally translated in sets of 3 codons, which typically describes and explain a unique amino acid sequence. Thus, if a frame shift mutation occurs, it can affect many amino acid sequences and finally the entire protein.  

If we look at option B:

wild-type 5-AUG   CAU  ACA  UUG  GAG  UGA-3  

mutant 5’-    AUG   CAU  ACA  UCU  GGA  GUG  A-3’  

An insertion of a base Uracil showed at the end of 3rd codon which affected and altered the whole sequence of codon triplets. This changed all next codons and finally all next amino acids will be altered.

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