Which of the following are used to document evolution?
select one:
a. phylogenetic trees and pedigree charts
b. food webs and cladograms
c. pedigree charts and cladograms
d. cladograms and phylogenetic trees

d. cladograms and phylogenetic trees

Explanation:

Cladograms are the charts used by scientists to compare similarities among a group of organisms. These charts are not evolutionary trees rather they represent the hypothetical relationship among organisms being studied. They are not true evolutionary trees rather used to compare organisms on simple criteria that may help in studying evolution of the closely related organisms.

On the other hand, phylogenetic trees are the real evolutionary charts that describe how organisms are actually evolved during the course of evolution. The distance of lineage is often computed based on strict criteria of genetic variations among group of organisms that are closely related. They are better than cladograms and provide precise information on evolutionary relationships.

the answer to your question is:

c. complementary base-pairing

a fossil fuel is a fuel formed by natural processes, such as anaerobic decomposition of buried dead organisms, containing energy originating in ancient photosynthesis.[1] the age of the organisms and their resulting fossil fuels is typically millions of years, and sometimes exceeds 650 million years.[2] fossil fuels contain high percentages of carbon and include petroleum, coal, and natural gas.[3] other commonly used derivatives include kerosene and propane. fossil fuels range from volatile materials with low carbon to hydrogen ratios like methane, to liquids like petroleum, to nonvolatile materials composed of almost pure carbon, like anthracite coal. methane can be found in hydrocarbon fields either alone, associated with oil, or in the form of methane clathrates.

the theory that fossil fuels formed from the fossilized remains of dead plants by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth's crust over millions of years was first introduced by andreas libavius "in his 1597 alchemia [alchymia]" and later by mikhail lomonosov "as early as 1757 and certainly by 1763".[4] the first use of the term "fossil fuel" was by the german chemist caspar neumann, in english translation in 1759.[5]

in 2017 the world's primary energy sources consisted of petroleum (34%), coal (28%), natural gas (23%), amounting to an 85% share for fossil fuels in primary energy consumption in the world.[6] non-fossil sources in 2006 included nuclear (8.5%), hydroelectric (6.3%), and others (geothermal, solar, tidal, wind, wood, waste) amounting to 0.9%.[7] world energy consumption was growing at about 2.3% per year. in 2015 about 18% of worldwide consumption was from renewable sources.[8]