What type of vertebrae have openings in their transverse processes that guide the vertebral arteries up toward the brain?

Cervical vertebrae

Explanation:

The cervical vertebrae are the vertebrae present in the neck region. All cervical vertebrae are characterized by the presence of three foramina. One is the vertebral foramen and the rest two are called transverse foramina. Each transverse process of each cervical vertebrae contains a transverse foramen. The vertebral artery and the related vein and nerve fibers pass through the transverse foramina. Among the all cervical vertebrae, the transverse processes and transverse foramina of the atlas are relatively larger.

the answers are as following:

1. c. double helix, nucleosome, coil, supercoil, chromosome

2. b. g2 phase, preparation for mitosis

3. d. interphase consists of the g1, s, and g2 phases

4. c. metaphase

5. a. chromosomes are duplicated before cell division so that each new daughter cell has a complete set