7. evolution is which of the following?
a. a set of assumptions about the earths atmosphere
b. a scientific theory that has been largely disproven
c. a way of explaining of how organisms develop
d. an explanation of how organisms develop and diversify

8.why do marine scientists often take more than one representative sample?
a. populations can vary even within the same region.
b. there are often mistakes in representative samples
c. there is a long tradition of taking several samples when documenting population
d. marine scientists lack the technology to determine the population at the oceans depth.

Evolution is an explanation of how organisms develop and diversify.

Explanation:

In the process of evolution theory of natural selection is the most important concept to know. The theory of natural selection states that individual who adapted to the environment, survival of the fittest. As a result of interactions between organisms and the environment diversity in population occurs. Due to mutation and genetic combination, different characteristics in the organism appear and diversity happens.

answer: - few nutrients

high pressure

low temperatures

explanation: 1. few nutrients:   open-ocean zone is located way far from the land, which is the main source of the essential nutrients.2. high pressure: pressure increases by 1 atmosphere for every 10 meters increase in depth.3. ample sunlight: a large fraction of the sunlight is reflected back to the atmosphere from the sea surface. 4. varying salinity: below the thermocline, the water is isolated from the atmosphere so the salinity remains stable over the year.5. low temperatures:   the temperature of open-ocean zone ranges from a low of -2°c to an average of 17°c