In a study in which college students are given herbal memory supplements to see if this will improve their scores in their psychology course, what is the independent variable?

Whether the students were given the memory supplements or not

Explanation:

An independent variable is the variable that the experiment manipulates ,changes or controls hence it will have a direct effect on a dependent. variable. The dependent variable is the variable that is affected and it can be measured.

Independent and dependent variables have a cause and effect relationship.

Whether a student is given the herbal memory supplement is the independent variable since that is the variable that can be controlled.

The students next text scores will be the dependent variable.

when you breathe in, or inhale, your diaphragm contracts (tightens) and moves downward. this increases the space in your chest cavity, into which your lungs expand. the intercostal muscles between your ribs also enlarge the chest cavity. they contract to pull your rib cage both upward and outward when you inhale.