You begin an experiment with two populations of E. coli that are each composed of 100 cells. The cells are all genetically identical (i. e., they are clones). You grow these populations in flasks on a lab bench under identical conditions with sufficient resources for the survival of all individuals. What process will introduce genetic variation into these populations?

Mutation.

Explanation:

Mutation may be defined as the sudden, heritable change in the individual that might affect the genotype and phenotype of the organisms. The mutation can be somatic mutation or germ line mutation.

The two population of bacteria are same but after sometime the mutation might occur in the bacteria that makes their genetic material different. These mutations can make the bacteria strain resistant against the particular chemical and increase their chance of survival in the harsh environment.

Thus, the correct answer is mutation.

answer: ice crystals in air

the water from the water body or another source of water gets evaporated as water vapor as an effect of heat on water. these water vapor rises in the upper layers of the earth atmosphere under high atmospheric pressure. the atmospheric pressure of these water molecules starts to decrease due to the effect of cold air. the invisible water vapor condenses into visible water droplets and ice crystals.these ice crystals and water droplets being less denser than the surrounding air floats on air as clouds.

the tricuspid valve is present between right atrium and right ventricle