Bisphosphoglyceric acid (BPG) is a byproduct of glycolysis released into the bloodstream when an animal's supply of oxygen is low. Like protons, it decreases hemoglobin's affinity for O2. The effect of high BPG levels would be that:
a. hemoglobin now binds more oxygen at low partial pressures than at high partial pressures.
b. hemoglobin picks up more O2 in the lungs than it would without BPG.
c. hemoglobin loses its cooperative binding of oxygen.
d. hemoglobin releases more of its bound O2 than it would without BPG.
e. hemoglobin holds on to more of its O2 than it would without BPG.

d. hemoglobin releases more of its bound O2 than it would without BPG.

Explanation:

Bisphosphoglyceric acid is a byproduct of glycolysis which reduces the ability of hemoglobin for oxygen. So when the affinity of hemoglobin will reduce therefore less oxygen will bind to the hemoglobin in lungs but it will allow more oxygen to be released to the tissue.  

The level of Bisphosphoglyceric acid is high in the people living in higher altitudes to provide appropriate oxygen to tissue by releasing more oxygen to tissue. Therefore the correct answer is d.

you did not attach the discourse, but i assume it to be the discourse on the origin and basis of inequality among men (the original titile in french is: "discours sur l'origine et les fondements de l'inégalité parmi les hommes"), also know as "second discourse". in this discourse, jean-jacques rousseau emphasizes that private property is the basis of all inequalities.

therefore, what enabled the old regime to maintain as long as it did was private property.