Draw a DNA undergoing replication, using arrows to indicate nucleotides, such a arrow () indicates a nucleotide with its 3’ end at the base of the arrow and its 5’ end at the tip of the arrow (as on the video). Label the leading and lagging strands, Okazaki fragments, at least one RNA primer, the replication fork and the origin of replication. (You can just copy this from the video, but I suggest seeing if you can do it from memory, like you’ll have to do on the exam.)

prophase: we can observe the chromosomes to coil up and condense. they become visible. nuclear membrane and envelope disintigrate.s

metaphase: chromosomes align at the center, the metaphase plate. spindle fibers attach to centromeres of the sister chromatids. they meet at kinetochores.

anaphase: sister chromatids are pulled towards each opposing centromere, set on different poles.

telophase: chromosomes are now clustered up only on either sides of the cell. nuclear membranes reform, and a new cell wall forms along the cell plate. this will lead to cytokinesis, the process that divides the cell membrane and forms the cell wall.

for  example, forests have higher evapotranspiration than other ecosystems,  such  as grasslands, because of their deeper roots and greater leaf area. thus forests have a net moistening effect on the atmosphere and become a moisture source for downwind ecosystems.

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