A receptor can directly open a channel and thereby exert a(n) effect, or it can produce slower but longer effects.

ionotropic; metabotropic

Explanation:

A receptor can directly open the channel and exerts an ionotropic effect. The ionotropic effect takes place by the help of ionotropic receptors. These receptors are membrane bound receptor proteins which responds by the bonding of the ligand.

Due to ligand binding the channel opens and allows the movement of ions into the cells which helps in either increasing or decreasing the action potential.

The receptors can also bind to the ligand and produce metabotropic effect which means by the second messenger.

my teacher would say no s

the answers are as following:

1. c. double helix, nucleosome, coil, supercoil, chromosome

2. b. g2 phase, preparation for mitosis

3. d. interphase consists of the g1, s, and g2 phases

4. c. metaphase

5. a. chromosomes are duplicated before cell division so that each new daughter cell has a complete set