The disease cholera results from infection of the epithelial cells of the gut by the phage Vibrio cholerae. The phage-infected cells produce new proteins, cholera toxin A and cholera toxin B, that are secreted into the gut. Cholera toxin B assembles into multisubunit complexes in the membranes of gut epithelial cells and permits cholera toxin A to enter these cells, causing an ion imbalance and massive, watery diarrhea which permits the phage to spread to a new host. The multisubunit complexes formed by cholera toxin B are an example of

what's the

thrombocytopenia, which is a deficiency in blood platelets, can cause bleeding and bruising in the dermis similar to senile purpura. other possible causes include: exposure to ultraviolet rays and aging skin are common causes of senile purpura. senile purpura may also be a sign of collagen loss in the skin and bones.

a- multicellular

b-eukaryotic

c-no cell wall

d-heterotrophic

e-autotrophic

producers within ecosystems are essential as they are at the base of the food chain. plants are examples of producers. they use the process of photosynthesis to capture light energy and use it to convert simple inorganic substances (carbon dioxide and water) into organic substances (glucose).