studies that expose organisms to different amounts of a chemical and then observes a variety of possible responses, including mortality or changes in behavior or reproduction

TOXICOLOGY

Explanation: Toxicology is a branch of science that studies that adverse effects that occurs in living organisms when exposed to chemicals and physical agents.

Toxicology deals with risk assessment.

In toxicology, observation and reporting of the symptoms, mechanism of action, detection and treatment of toxic substances when exposed to living organisms especially humans are carried out.

The knowledge of toxicology aids in the advancement of environmental health.

Dose-response Studies

Explanation:

This is a study  that  give details  or accounts of events  that occur after an exposure of  organisms to certain doses  or chemicals substances after a period of time, based on the extent of response of the organisms. The main objective is to determine the extent of  effects(negative , rarely negative )  of the exposed chemicals, and the effects of  levels of  dosages on the organism. Thus it is a measure of how each  level of exposure of  to certain drugs or chemicals affects   organism, through their responses after the exposure.

The effects and levels of exposure  is usually represented with  Dose-response Curve.  This is a graphical representation of the potency of the exposed chemical substance e,g drug, and the effects on the functions of body systems of the organism.

The analysis from this is incorporated in public policy by the government, for safety of citizens.

b.have there own function.