How do protons contribute towards making ATP?...

Protons contribute towards making ATP by producing proton-motive force that provides energy for ATP synthesis.

Explanation: In the respiratory chain, the transfer of electrons from one complex to another is accompanied by pumping of protons out of the matrix. This creates a difference in proton concentration and separation of charge across the mitochondrial inner membrane. The electrochemical energy inherent in this difference in proton concentration called proton-motive force is used to drive ATP synthesis as protons flow back passively into the matrix through a proton pore.

plato users

given bodies of water

pacific / arctic / indian / southern

[ a ] the caribbean sea

[ b ] the northern ocean

[ c ] the atlantic ocean

[ d ] the barents sea

with this being the given answers