Explain how and when the rule of multiplication and the rule of addition can be used to determine the probability of an event. Explain why Mendel was wise to use large sample sizes in his studies.

Addition used for 'either or' events , Multiplication used for 'and' events

Explanation:

Addition is used when Probability is of 'one event or other event'

Multiplication is used when Probability is of 'one event & other event'

Ex : Probability of A winning = 0.4

Probability of B winning = 0.3

Probability (A or B winning) = 0.4 + 0.3 = 0.7

Probability (A & B winning) = 0.4 x 0.3 = 0.12

option a and d is the correct answer

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allowed for the prediction of the properties of missing elements.