"A person has been diagnosed with third degree burns over the anterior surfaces of their arms and trunk. What specific structural damage has occurred to their skin and what risks to life may result from this injury? Use the Rule of Nines to estimate the percentage of burned skin."

Third-degree burns affect the deep layers of the skin, affect the 3 layers of the skin or sometimes muscles and bone. It can cause numbness of the skin and change in its color can be white, black or brown.

According to the rule of the nine that consists of dividing the surface of the body into areas equivalent to 9% of the total burned body surface this patient with the anterior surfaces of his arms burned (4.5% of each arm) and the trunk (18%) , whose estimated sum is 27%.

The Client has lost approximately 27% of his skin surface area according to Wallace Rule of Nine,which leads to severe systematic effect,the epidermis,dermis and subcutaneous layer and the associated structures has been destroyed.Sensory function is lost,loss of epidermis (and so loss of keratin and Langerhans cells) makes the client susceptible to microbial invasion. Lack of keratinized structures and lamellar granules allows for extreme loss of water,plasma and plasma proteins,which causes shock leading to dehydration,reduced blood volume and circulation, decreased urine output and diminished immune responses.