In the following scenario, what is the conditioned stimulus? "Miles is an extremely smart dog. His owner always feeds him dog food from a can, which the owner opens using an electric can-opener. Whenever Miles hears the sound of the electric can opener, he runs into the kitchen and over to his food bowl."

The conditioned stimulus that makes Miles run to the kitchen for food is the sound of the electric can-opener.

Explanation:

In classical conditioning, a stimulus is associated with a specific behavior, after it has occurred repeatedly to reinforce that conditioning.

The owner of Miles usually uses an electric can-opener to open the can containing the dog's food, which produces a sound -conditioned stimulus- that Miles already associates with the moment he will be fed, which is why he "runs to the kitchen".

Within the conditioning procedures, this behavior developed by Miles is called positive reinforcement, and every time he hears the sound of the can-opener he will run to the kitchen to get his food.

Learn more:

Classical conditioning link

answer; hypnagogic sensations)