If the magnitude of one of the charges doubles, how does the force between the charges change according to coulomb’s law?
a. the force is four times stronger
b. the force doubles
c. the force is half as strong
d. the force is one fourth as large

Option b. the force doubles

Explanation:

According to coulomb’s law, force is directly proportional to the product of two charges. Directly means if the magnitude of one variable increases, then the magnitude of other variable also increases. So when the magnitude of charges becomes double then the magnitude of force is also doubled. If the magnitude is tripled then force is also becomes triple.

the element that provides strength to the exoskeletons of clams and oysters is phosphorus.

this is so because calcium carbonate is the main component in the shells. calcium carbonate is strengthened by phosphorus.

explanation:

many other transport proteins, often called pumps, move materials against a concentration gradient. active transport drives molecules across a membrane from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration. this process, shown in figure 5.1, uses transport proteins powered by chemi- cal energy.