If light strikes one receptor, the net effect is to the nearest bipolar cell and other bipolar cells to the side because of the contributions from cells.

If light strikes one receptor, the net effect is to excite the nearest bipolar cell and inhibit other bipolar cells to the side because of the contributions from horizontal cells.

Explanation:

On striking the receptor with light, the nearest bipolar cells respond to the light at the most inside the circumference. The bipolar cells which are outside the circumference responds least to the phenomena. Overall, the net effect thereby when seen, is to excite the nearest bipolar cells.

By the excitement of nearest bipolar cells, other farther cells are inhibited as a result as the horizontal cells are also excited and they contribute to inhibit the bipolar cells which are not near to the receptor cells in the eyes.

it takes hundreds of years to become stable.

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it's c. (to reduce the greenhouse effect/carbon gasses)