How did the research presented in the article affect scientists understanding of the evolution of eukaryotes

italy's population growth rate is almost at zero, the national statistics agency, istat, said on monday, mainly due to a dwindling birth rate.

what in the weirdo : o

the answer would be d : p

the last one: artificial selection/genetic engineering

plant breeding is modifying the genetic composition of the plant - but this isn't cloning (which is specifically introducing a gene into a genome). but you are artificially selecting for the phenotype that you want.

the second one is literally genetic engineering - the gene would have been cloned first and then inserted or genetically engineered into the new plant cell (the cotton).