Prior to the work of Charles Darwin and Alfred Wallace, what was the universal belief about the origin of all species?

An higher being, or God created them.

Explanation:

This may not be the exact answer you are looking for, but lots of people looked to higher beings to make sense of the world before science.

All species of organisms appeared on Earth at the same time and have remained relatively unchanged.

Explanation:

the answer is a) cell division.

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after a the power stroke, adp is released, but the cross-bridge formed is still in place. atp then binds to myosin, moving the myosin to its high-energy state, releasing the myosin head from the actin active site.