Use your codon chart to determine the amino acid sequence. DNA CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC mRNA protein DNA AGA ACA TAA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA mRNA protein DNA TAC CTT GGG GAA TAT ACA CGC TGG CTT CGA TGA ATC CGT ACG GTA CTC GCC ATC mRNA protein DNA TAA ACT CGG TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TAA TTA CCC ATC mRNA protein DNA  CTA TTA CGA TAC TAG AGC GAA TAG AAA CTT ATC ATC mRNA protein DNA TAC CTT AGT TAT CCA TTG ACT CGA ATT GTG CGC TTG CTG ATC mRNA protein DNA ACC CGA TAC CTC TCT TAT AGC ATT ACA AAC CTC CGA GCG mRNA protein DNA TAC AGA CGG CAA CTC TGG GTG CTT TGT TCT CTT CTC AGT ATC mRNA protein

1.) Protein: Met-Cys-Ala-Ser-His-Ala-Ile-Arg-Tyr

2.) Protein: Met-Glu-Asn-Cys-Ser-Gly-Arg-Glu-Ala-Thr

3.) Protein: Met-Glu-Pro-Leu-Ile-Cys-Ala-Thr-Glu-Ala-Thr

4.) protein: Met-Asp-Arg-Ile

5.) protein: Met-Ile-Ser-Leu-Ile-Phe-Glu

6.) protein: Met-Glu-Ser-Ile-Gly-Asn

7.) protein: Met-Glu-Arg-Ile-Ser

8.) Protein: Met-Ser-Ala-Val-Glu-Thr-His-Glu-Thr-Arg-Glu-Glu-Ser

Explanation: To produce a protein, genes from DNA have to be transcripted into RNA-messenger. In other words, in transcription the DNA is rewritten with the RNA nucleotides. So, in this sense, nucleotide A from DNA pairs with nucleotide U for RNA; nucleotide T pairs with nucleotide A; nucleotide C with G and nucleotide G with C.

From the DNA sequences given, we have the following RNAm:

1.) DNA: CCT CTT TAC ACA CGG AGG GTA CGC TAT TCT ATG ATT ACA CGG TTG CGA TCC ATA ATC

RNAm: GGA GAA AUG UGU GCC UCC CAU GCG AUA AGA UAC UAA UGU GCC AAC GCU AGG UAU UAG

2.) DNA: AGA ACA TAA TAC CTC TTA ACA CTC TAA AGA CCA GCA CTC CGA TGA ACT GGA GCA

RNAm: UCU UGU AUU AUG GAG AAU UGU GAG AUU UCU GGU CGU GAG GCU ACU UGA CCU CGU

3.) DNA: TAC CTT GGG GAA TAT ACA CGC TGG CTT CGA TGA ATC CGT ACG GTA CTC GCC ATC

RNAm: AUG GAA CCC CUU AUA UGU GCG ACC GAA GCU ACU UAG GCA UGC CAU GAG CGG UAG

4.) DNA: TAA ACT CGG TAC CTA GCT TAG ATC TAA TTA CCC ATC

RNAm: AUU UGA GCC AUG GAU CGA AUC UAG AUU AAU GGG UAG

5.) DNA: CTA TTA CGA TAC TAG AGC GAA TAG AAA CTT ATC ATC

RNAm: GAU AAU GCU AUG AUC UCG CUU AUC UUU GAA UAG UAG

6.) DNA: TAC CTT AGT TAT CCA TTG ACT CGA ATT GTG CGC TTG CTG ATC

RNAm: AUG GAA UCA AUA GGU AAC UGA GCU UAA CAC GCG AAC GAC UAG

7.) DNA: ACC CGA TAC CTC TCT TAT AGC ATT ACA AAC CTC CGA GCG

RNAm: UGG GCU AUG GAG AGA AUA UCG UAA UGU UUG GAG GCU CGC

8.) DNA: TAC AGA CGG CAA CTC TGG GTG CTT TGT TCT CTT CTC AGT ATC

RNAm: AUG UCU GCC GUU GAG ACC CAC GAA ACA AGA GAA GAG UCA UAG

With the RNAm, its sequence is translated into a sequence of aminoacids. This process happens by reading a group of 3 nucleotides, named codon. Each codon is specific for 1 aminoacids. The translation begins with codon AUG, which is the start codon and ends with another specific codon.

The correspondence of codon and specific aminoacids or stop signal is called genetic code and there is a table we can use to produce the sequence of aminoacids.

The translation process will be:

1.) RNAm: GGA GAA AUG UGU GCC UCC CAU GCG AUA AGA UAC UAA UGU GCC AAC GCU AGG UAU UAG

protein: Met-Cys-Ala-Ser-His-Ala-Ile-Arg-Tyr

2.) RNAm: UCU UGU AUU AUG GAG AAU UGU GAG AUU UCU GGU CGU GAG GCU ACU UGA CCU CGU

protein: Met-Glu-Asn-Cys-Ser-Gly-Arg-Glu-Ala-Thr

3.) RNAm: AUG GAA CCC CUU AUA UGU GCG ACC GAA GCU ACU UAG GCA UGC CAU GAG CGG UAG

protein: Met-Glu-Pro-Leu-Ile-Cys-Ala-Thr-Glu-Ala-Thr

4.) RNAm: AUU UGA GCC AUG GAU CGA AUC UAG AUU AAU GGG UAG

protein: Met-Asp-Arg-Ile

5.) RNAm: GAU AAU GCU AUG AUC UCG CUU AUC UUU GAA UAG UAG

protein: Met-Ile-Ser-Leu-Ile-Phe-Glu

6.) RNAm: AUG GAA UCA AUA GGU AAC UGA GCU UAA CAC GCG AAC GAC UAG

protein: Met-Glu-Ser-Ile-Gly-Asn

7.) RNAm: UGG GCU AUG GAG AGA AUA UCG UAA UGU UUG GAG GCU CGC

protein: Met-Glu-Arg-Ile-Ser

8.) RNAm: AUG UCU GCC GUU GAG ACC CAC GAA ACA AGA GAA GAG UCA UAG

protein: Met-Ser-Ala-Val-Glu-Thr-His-Glu-Thr-Arg-Glu-Glu-Ser

The codon chart used is in the attachment.

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