Increasing specialization of structure and
function among animals of the same class or
order for survival in new and different
environments is called A. adaptive radiation.
B. phylogeny. C. homology. D. analogy.
E. ontogeny

Increasing specialization of structure and  function among animals of the same class or  order for survival in new and different  environments is called "phylogeny".

Option: B

Explanation:

The analysis of evolution, diversity and the inter-connection among individuals or groups of organisms like species is understood as phylogeny. First one to apply the term phylogeny was German Biologist Ernst Heinrich Haeckel. With the help of estimation techniques of phylogenetic, such relationships were explored to test identified heritable traits, like DNA sequences or morphology under a framework of evolution of those characteristics.The detailing of species, their naming and grouping is understood as taxonomy. It is abundantly guided by phylogenetics, but maintains a field isolation from the scientific and logical. Based on the taxonomy school the extent to which taxonomies rely on phylogenies.