Achondroplastic dwarfism is a dominant genetic trait that causes severe malformation of the skeleton. Homozygotes for this condition are spontaneously aborted (hence, the homozygous condition is lethal) but heterozygotes will develop to be dwarfed. Matthew has a family history of the condition, although he does not express the trait. Jane is an achondroplastic dwarf. Matthew and Jane are planning a family of several children and want to know the chances of producing a child with achondroplastic dwarfism. The genotypes of Matthew and Jane are best represented as .

One of the newest applications of cell technology is called cybrid embryos. this process involves replacing the nuclear material of an animal cell with human nuclear material. how might this process affect public policies about research by using stem cells? the same policies and concerns about the use of human embryonic stem cells would most likely apply. the embryos would most likely be treated like traditional animal embryos and regulated accordingly. the process of forming cybrid embryos would most likely be banned by government regulators. the embryos would be treated as regular cells because they are not fully human in origin.