Which of these is a shortcoming of the Clean Water Act? A.) excludes drain pipes B.) excludes lakes, rivers and streams c.) excludes agricultural runoff D.) excludes oil tankers and oil spills

Option C) "excludes agricultural runoff"

Explanation:

The Clean Water Act (CWA) established in 1972 is a federal law made in United States to address the adverse effect of water pollution. The act was aimed to maintain the physical, chemical, and biological integrity of the nation's waters.

A major shortcoming of the Clean Water Act (CWA) is agricultural runoff which is a nonpoint source (NPS) pollution. Large scale agriculture activities have an adverse impact on groundwater and surfacewater as they carry heavy fertilizer, pesticide and  water inputs.

The federal CWA establish water quality standards and total  maximum daily loads (TMDLs) to asses the pollution caused by agricultural water with the help of regulatory mechanisms.

Hence, the correct option C.