Fermentation involves the breakdown of by enzymes produced by microorganisms. The breakdown products are then metabolized aerobically or anaerobically by the microorganisms to produce .

Explanation:

Fermentation involves the breakdown of carbohydrates by enzymes produced by microorganisms; The breakdown products are then metabolized aerobically or anaerobically by the microorganisms to produce desirable organic compounds

Fermentation is any energy yielding metabolic reaction in which final electron acceptor is an internal organic molecule (generally an intermediate of metabolic reaction)

For example in lactic acid fermentation pyruvate is the final electron acceptor and converted into lactate, reaction is catalysed by lactate dehydrogenase, this type of fermentation occurs in muscle cells of humans and other animals

the answer is "a.) well–developed vascular system."

explanation:

cellular respiration oxidizes food into energy in the form of atps.

glycolysis (6 c hexose) > 2x atps are used > 6c hexose biphosphate > 2 x 3c triphosphate >

2 x 3c pyruvate (2x nadh produced from nad) and (4x atp produced)

pyruvate actively pumped mitochondrial matrix.