Pioneer species move into an area after which event?

the formation of a climax community
a disturbance that forms new land without soil
a disturbance that clears away all plants
the enrichment of soil by plants

Which of the following is true of metabolism in its entirety in all organisms? a) metabolism depends on a constant supply of energy from food. b) metabolism uses all of an organism's resources. c) metabolism consists of all the energy transformation reactions in an organism. d) metabolism manages the increase of entropy in an organism.