In most ecosystems, what kind of organisms are producers

What function does the limb sever in each animal? how are the limb bones of the four animals similar? based on these similarities what can be inferred about the evolution of the four animals.

Membrane vesicles containing an internal sodium chloride (nacl) concentration of 0.14 m are placed into separate beakers each containing a different solution. the first beaker contains 0.14 m sucrose, while the second beaker contains 0.14 m calcium chloride (cacl2). the temperature is 25°c. what is the solute potential inside the vesicles, expressed in units of mpa?

When energy is used, atp molecules convert to adp molecules. this process is called