Ecosystem services include processes that increase the quality of the abiotic environment. Which of the following processes would fall under this category? I) Keystone (critically important) predators have a marked effect on species diversity. II) Green plants produce the oxygen we breathe. III) The presence of land plants builds soil. IV) Plant diversity in wetlands helps in flood control.

Option D, only II, III, and IV

Explanation:

Complete Question

Ecosystem services include processes that increase the quality of the abiotic environment. Which of the following processes would fall under this category?

I) Keystone predators have a marked effect on species diversity.

II) Green plants produce the oxygen we breathe.

III) The presence of land plants builds soil.

IV) The presence of diverse wetlands helps in flood control.

A) only II and IV

B) only I and III

C) only I, II, and IV

D) only II, III, and IV

Solution -

The services of ecosystem has been classified into four groups  

a)  Provisioning – Where essential abiotic and biotic substance are produces such as production of food and water, reproducing offspring etc.  

b)Regulating – the ecosystems is controlled through environmental factors such as control of climate and disease

c)Supporting – Ecosystem support the activities that are essential for survival. Primarily includes all nutrient cycles, oxygen generation etc.  

d)Cultural – Provide aesthetic view and  recreational benefits

Option II co mes under supporting service of ecosystem

Option III co mes under Provisioning service of ecosystem

Option IV co mes under Regulating service of ecosystem

Hence, option D is correct

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