It has been demonstrated that ectotherms (such as insects and reptiles) in warm climates tolerate higher temperatures than ectotherms in cooler climates. angilletta hypothesized that urban heat islands could lead to similar differences in heat tolerance between urban and rural populations of leaf-cutter ants. he predicted that ants in urban areas would tolerate heat better than ants in nearby rural areas. select the two best experimental designs for comparing the thermal tolerance of ants in urban areas to ants in nearby rural areas.

* Measure the heat tolerance of many ants of the same species as a function of the distance they live from a city center.

* Measure the heat tolerance of many ants of the same species from a city center and from a rural area in the same region.

Explanation:

Ectotherm are also regarded as cold-blooded animals. These are the animals whose regulation of body temperature depends on external sources, such as sunlight or a heated rock surface.

This means that their body temperature rises and falls along with the temperature of the surrounding environment.

The examples of ectotherm include the fishes, amphibians, reptiles, and invertebrates.

In this case, to actually confirm that the ants in the urban area will tolerate more heat better than the ants in nearby rural areas, the two experimental designs mentioned above should be adopted.

d

explanation:

1. amino acid refers to the fundamental building block of proteins, comprising of an amino group and a carboxyl group.

2. catalyst refers to any substance, which increases the rate of chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction.

3. a complex molecule containing he genetic code is dna or deoxyribonucleic acid.

4. an enzyme refers to a molecule of protein, which is unique in accelerating up a particular chemical reaction in the biological systems.

5. nucleic acid refers to an sequence of sugars, phosphates, and nitrogenous bases, for example, dna and rna.

6. a protein refers to a large, composite organic molecule comprising of a huge number of amino acids associated together with the of peptide bonds.

7. rna refers to a nucleic acid that takes part in the production of proteins.

8. substrate refers to a compound, which takes part in a chemical reaction, and is chemically modified by the reaction.