How are predation and competition essential for maintaining a thriving ecosystem?

Both of these are necessary to maintain overpopulation of any species in an ecosystem.

Explanation:

Predation is an act in which one organism eats another organism present in the ecosystem. The one eaten is called prey, while the dominant organism is called Predator. Since an ecosystem is made up of many organisms along with the natural resources present in it. This gives rise to different species competing against one another. If one of these species is at a certain advantage, their population will rise uncontrollably hence to prevent this a predator plays a major role. On the other hand, competition is a term which describes the harm caused to two different organisms. This is due to the limited number of natural resources like food, water or shelter etc. Organisms who are less likely to adapt according to the changing environment ultimately die. For example, Plant roots over time lessen the amount of nitrogen present in the soil, causing the neighboring plant to die.