What are intertidal communities so stressful on their inhabitants

Intertidal

Explanation:

Intertidal communities are found within the shoreline area reached by waters of the highest high tide and uncovered at the lowest low tide

Stressful environment due to interaction of physical factors, e.g., wind, waves, sunlight Organisms must be able to withstand desiccation, searing heat and freezingOrganisms on rocky shores are faced with challenges not encountered by organisms in the deeper ocean alternately submerged by incoming tide and exposed to air by ebbing tide  exposed to salinity fluctuations due to rain and evaporation  pounded by high energy wavesOrganisms attached to high intertidal locations face greatest challenge to maintain suitable body temperature and avoid water loss and their adaptations include:  large body exposes less surface area, light color reduces heat gain , special adaptations of kidneys , aggregate in large clumps , close shells at low tide, e.g., barnacles Organisms in high latitudes produce anti-freezing type compounds during winter, these compounds are proteins located in their blood