The two major branches of mammals—the placentals and the marsupials—followed independent evolutionary pathways after the breakup of the land mass Gondwanaland 100 million years ago. While some forms of each group are unique to each environment, surprisingly similar forms in each of the groups have often emerged in two or three of the separated continents. This is an example of .
A) homologyB) parallel evolutionC) convergenceD) polyploidyE) gene duplication

In natural selection, what is actually “selected? ” a) alleles are directly selected b) genotypes are directly selected c) phenotypes are directly selected d) entire populations are directly selected

The dna in a cell’s nucleus encodes proteins that are eventually targeted to every membrane and compartment in the cell, as well as proteins that are targeted for secretion from the cell. for example, consider these two proteins: phosphofructokinase (pfk) is an enzyme that functions in the cytoplasm during glycolysis. insulin, a protein that regulates blood sugar levels, is secreted from specialized pancreatic cells. assume that you can track the cellular locations of these two proteins from the time that translation is complete until the proteins reach their final destinations.for each protein, identify its targeting pathway: the sequence of cellular locations in which the protein is found from when translation is complete until it reaches its final (functional) destination. (note that if an organelle is listed in a pathway, the location implied is inside the organelle, not in the membrane that surrounds the organelle.)

Discuss the functions of epithelial connective nerviud and muscular tissues