Evolution is a change in frequencies of alleles in the gene pool of a population. This definition of evolution was developed as
a result of the work in the 20th century by Hardy and Weinberg. Through mathematical modeling based on probability, they
concluded that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the
absence of evolutionary influences. Evolution will not occur in a population if seven conditions are met:
1. mutation is not occurring
2. natural selection is not occurring
3. the population is infinitely large
4. all members of the population breed
5. mating is totally random
6. everyone produces the same number of offspring
7. there is migration in or out of the population
In northern Canada, a population of rabbits was predominantly white in color. The allele for white color is recessive (9), while the
allele for gray color is dominant (G). Over the last several decades, the average annual temperature of this area has increased, and
the long-term deposits of ice and snow have become scarce. We see the result of this change in the graph above. How would
Hardy-Weinberg explain this change in terms of allelic frequency?

Mantle convection  is the slow  creepingmotion of earth's solid silicate  mantle  caused by  convection  currents carrying  heat from the interior  to the planet's surface.[1][2]  the earth's surface  lithosphere, which rides atop the  asthenosphere  (the two components of the  upper mantle), is divided into a number of  plates  that are continuously being created and consumed at their opposite  plate boundaries. accretion occurs as mantle is added to the growing edges of a plate, associated with  seafloor spreading. this hot added material cools down by  conduction  and  convection  of heat. at the consumption edges of the plate, the material has thermally contracted to become dense, and it sinks under its own weight in the process of  subduction  usually at an  ocean trench.[3]this subducted material sinks through the earth's interior. some subducted material appears to reach the lower mantle,[4]  while in other regions, this material is impeded from sinking further, possibly due to a phase transition from  spinel  to  silicate perovskiteand  magnesiowustite, an  endothermic reaction.[5]the subducted oceanic crust triggers  volcanism, although the basic mechanisms are varied. volcanism may occur due to processes that add buoyancy to partially melted mantle causing an upward flow due to a decrease in density of the partial melt.secondary forms of convection that may result in surface volcanism are postulated to occur as a consequence of intraplate extension[6]  and  mantle plumes.[7]it is because the mantle can convect that the  tectonic plates  are able to move around the earth's surface.[8]mantle convection seems to have been much more active during the  hadean  period, resulting in gravitational sorting of heavier molten  iron, and  nickel  elements and  sulphides  in the core, and lighter  silicate minerals  in the  mantle.