In a litter of kittens, some of the kittens have coloring that is completely different from their parents. what is the explanation for this? a) crossover during meiosis. b) the placement of the genes on the parent chromosomes. c) chromosomal aberrations during meiosis

The placement of the genes on the parent chromosones - B.

The reason for this is that if the parents of the kittens are heterozygotic individuals (Pp and Pp). Where P being one colour and p being another colour, it's quite possible that some of their litter have the pp allele combination which in turn could make them a different colour. 

An autotrophic protist - they can perform photosynthesis and mainly consist of unicellular algae. they can be divided into number of systematic group according to the shape of their cell and the type of photosynthetic pigments they use.