Dominance occurs when one individual achieves preferential access to resources, including food, cover and mates over other individuals. This may
be achieved through submission or smaller body size.

it should be d) transitional fossils.

they show the gradualism of evolution throughout a period of time

in addition to being able to metabolize, grow, digest food, and excrete wastes, what other functions must an organism perform if it is to survive? survival also depends on the ability to maintain one's boundaries, to move, to respond to stimuli, and to reproduce. oxygen is a survival need.