How do specialized cells within an organism help the organism perform the essential function of life

Anormal strand of dna is shown below, followed by the same strand of dna after mutations have occurred.

During crossing-over, a. genetic material is exchanged between nonsister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles. b. nonsister chromatids from each homologous chromosome of a tetrad are exchanged, resulting in new combinations of alleles. c. one homologous chromosome of a tetrad is exchanged with another tetrad, resulting in new combinations of alleles. d. sister chromatids from each homologous chromosome of a tetrad are exchanged, resulting in new combinations of alleles. e. genetic material is exchanged between sister chromatids, resulting in new combinations of alleles.

What amount of heat is exchanged when 106.2 grams of substance y goes from a liquid at 35 degrees