What has to done to a bacterium in order to increase its chances of taking in plasmids from it environment

To increase our chances of getting our recombinant plasmids into bacterial cells, we will use “competent” cells. When cells are “competent,” it means that they are ready to receive plasmids. For the most part, you don't find competent cells in nature; instead, cells have to be made competent in the laboratory.

one part of the electromagnetic spectrum that arrives on earth as solar radiation from the sun is the visible spectrum. wavelengths of the visible spectrum combine to form what we refer to as

answer - d) ultraviolet radiation.

violet /   380–450 nm / 668–789 thz

violet is number 1 in the chart of visible light.