8. Explain how the ability to describe the pattern of ice ages over the past million years helps us to assess what is a "normal" variation in Earth's atmosphere.

i think that d. wind is the answer.   i missed the question when i answered a. currents.

every el niño cycle is different. every year.

idk what the options are but

these is a strong electrostatic attraction between the ions hence a lot of energy is needed to overcome this attraction

this is why the boiling points are so high