A team of marine biologists observe that an inland sea is covered with a green slime. They also observe that besides fishing, the local population practices large-scale farming in the area. In what possible way can farming be responsible for the state of the lake?
A.
Nutrients from fertilizers on the farm wash off into the lake and cause the green slimy algal bloom
B.
Pesticides from the farm wash off into the lake, causing algae to die and producing a green slime.
C.
D.
E.
Plants growing in the farm increase the chlorophyll levels in the ground, which runs off into the lake, causing the green slime.
The plants in the farm deplete the lake of nutrients and kill off microscopic organisms, causing the green slime.
The green slime in the lake is a toxin produced by pesticides that run off into the lake.
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A.

Nutrients from fertilizers on the farm wash off into the lake and cause the green slimy algal bloom

Explanation:

This question describes a team of marine biologists, who observe an inland sea covered up with a green slime. Firstly, this green slime is the the visible form of the proliferated growth of algae, hence, causing what is referred to as ALGAL BLOOM.

Algal bloom is caused by EUTROPHICATION, which is the pollution of water bodies with nutrients from fertilizers e.g phosphate, nitrate etc which causes a rapid algae growth. The excessive nutrients causing this algal bloom appearing like a green slime comes from the fertilizers used by farmers practising large scale farming within that area.

When this fertilizer is applied on plants, it gets washed into the water body and its constituents e.g phosphorus, nitrogen etc. serves as source of nutrient for the growth of marine organisms (algae). Hence, they grow excessively and form a bloom that appears like a green slime on the lake.

Hence, the farming activities is releasing pollutants in form of chemical substances which serve as nutrients for the proliferated growth of algae.

B.  Pesticides from the farm wash off into the lake, causing algae to die

Explanation:

Green slime algae is a type of algae which is found in the marine ecosystem. This algae is a source of food for aquatic animals. It requires nutrients for producing food in the process of photosynthesis. When the nutrients present in the fertilizers such as nitrates move from the farm into the nearby lakes, its population increases and more food is available for the marine animals and fishing is not possible. But this decrease occurs in population when the pesticides wash off into the lake so farming will be possible for the fisheries.

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