Sort the terms and phrases as to whether they function in or describe primary growth or secondary growth. Terms:

1.apical meristem
2. cork cambium
3. elongation
4. provides structural support
5. increases exposure to light
6. increases vascular flow
7. growth in thickness
8. occurs in plants that live many years
9. occurs in plants that live only one year
10. lateral meristem
11. vascular cambium

Groth:

a. primary growth
b. secondary growth
c. both
d. neither

Primary Growth:

1. apical meristem

3. elongation

5. Increases exposure to light

9. Occurs in plants that live only one year

Secondary growth:

2. cork cambium

4. provides structural support

6. increases vascular flow

7. growth in thickness

10. lateral meristem

11. vascular cambium

Both:

8. occurs in plants that live many years

Explanation:

Plant primary growth starts with successive cell division cycles in undifferentiated cells that form the shoot apical meristem, thereby lengthening roots and stems. The meristems represent a type of tissue involved both in primary and secondary growth. Herbaceous plants have only primary growth and grow in length.  

Secondary growth is caused by the growth of the vascular cambium (cambia) and lateral meristems. It is characterized by an increase in thickness of stems and roots. Vascular plants (i.e., plants with a xylem and phloem system) have secondary growth.

In woody plants, the primary and the secondary growth patterns occur across years, and thus they can increase their length (primary tissue growth) and diameter (secondary tissue growth).

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