What connection do all living things have with each another

All organisms need food for the energy required to live and grow. They all excrete (get rid of) waste products, and detect changes in their surroundings and respond to them. All living organisms follow a LIFE CYCLE of growth and development, reproduction, and death. One thing all living things have in common is that all living things have cells, performing the functions necessary for an organism to survive in its environment; even the most primitive of life forms, bacteria, consists of a single cell. All living things also use energy, grow and reproduce.

occluded front i think

we solve the problem using the hardy-wineberg equation.

let us start with the homozygous recessive proportion of individuals with sickle cell anaemia,

we have the proportion as q² = 0.25.

∴ q = 0.5 (frequency of hbs in population)

further,

solving for the frequency of normal cell by using the fact that,

p + q = 1

∴ p = 1 - 0.5 = 1 - 0.5 = 0.5

now we can calculate 2pq in p² + 2pq + q², which is the frequency for heterozygous carriers of sickle cell anaemia,

∴ 2pq = 2 x 0.5 x 0.5 = 0.5

and the homozygous normal cell individuals proportion is given by the expression,

∴ p² = 0.5² = 0.25

hence, the carriers for sickle cell anaemia are in proportion, 0.5, or 50%.