a) List three examples of ruminant livestock. b) Describe how ruminant cattle digest food? c) Why do cattle produce more methane than other types of animals?

a)Ruminants include cattle, sheep, goats, buffalo, deer, elk, giraffes and camels. These animals all have a digestive system that is uniquely different from our own. Instead of one compartment to the stomach they have four. Of the four compartments the rumen is the largest section and the main digestive centre.

b)Digestion in ruminants occurs sequentially in a four-chambered stomach. ... The mass is finally passed to the true stomach, the Abomassum, where the digestive enzyme lysozyme breaks down the bacteria so as to release nutrients.

c)The difficult-to-digest grass ferments in the cows' stomachs, where it interacts with microbes and produces gas. Thus,cattle produce more methane than other types of animals.

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geographic isolation