How could the notion of maximum parsimony lead to an error in establishing an evolutionary relationship

The notion of maximum parsimony does not consider the entire evolutionary history, being able to suppress important evolutionary points that would cause errors in the evolutionary relationship of a species.

Explanation:

Maximum parsimony is a criterion for optimizing phylogenetic trees. This is because through this criterion an analysis is made of all possible phylogenetic trees of a species, observing which one is smaller and offers simpler and summary information. On the one hand, the study of the smallest phylogenetic tree can be faster and more understandable, since its information is basic and direct. However, maximum parsimony can lead to errors in the establishment of an evolutionary relationship of a species, because it suppresses the entire history of evolution of that species, being able to suppress really important points in one of the clades, which would result in an incorrect evolutionary conclusion.

the correct answer is:

a population changes in response to a change in the environment.