The second law of thermodynamics states that
when a process converts energy from one form to another, some energy converts into heat, an unusable form of energy
energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but it can change from one form to another
energy flows through ecosystems without being recycled most energy in ecosystems comes from the sun

The correct answer is  (a) when a process converts energy from one form to another, some energy converts into heat, an unusable form of energy.

This means that the 100% energy produced is not converted into the 100% work done some part of that energy is loss in the form of heat.  Example: If a car runs with fuel, engine will only stop once the fuel is over. The car will not run until the fuel is refilled into it. Some of the the energy is released in the form of heat once the car is refilled.

picture a world where computers are building made-to-order personalized robotic arms and synthetic organs, drones are circulating above mars! due to the rapid growth of technology, the future has never been more unpredictable, and it presents a huge challenge in education: we are teaching students how to work in a future that we have never been unsure of. it is widely predicted that in eight years’ time, there will be more jobs in the fields of science, mathematics, technology and engineering than in any other discipline. and, as the technology continues to develop, it will soon become clear that addressing social problems will involve more innovative thinking, and analytical and technical knowledge than ever before. undeniably, there are no subjects that encourage innovative and creative thinking, deep thought, problem solving and independence more than the stem subjects. while it is widely commented on that there is a need to reimagine the ways stem subjects are taught in schools by embracing a more interactive and innovative approach to appeal to more students, it should come as no surprise that some of the most reputable educational organizations in the world are already implementing changes to embrace stem. harvard, for example, announced in 2014 that they were increasing their computer science faculty by over 50% and has since introduced computer science as a core subject for all freshmen. the urgency of supporting stem subjects at a young age is becoming more relevant than ever, as adopting a keen interest in the curricula needs to happen early. however, beyond the age issue is one of gender.

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emerging idea only occurs as a raw idea that could appear out of nowhere. meanwhile, to reach scientific consensus , that idea must be structured and tested over and over again through various experiments. the scientific consensus transforms the raw idea into idea that is more reliable through the process of scientific elimination.