What is the most basic unit of life?

The kidney filters potentially toxic substances in the blood, and thus “clears” the blood of those substances. this clearance function is dependent upon and proportional to the diffusion gradient of the substance across filtering capillaries, i.e. if the concentration of the substance is doubled, twice as much will be cleared from each ml of blood that is filtered. suppose that the body produces a constant amount of a substance x per unit of time. the kidneys eliminate substance x at a rate directly proportional to the concentration of the substance and the volume of blood cleared each minute (c): elimination = c × [x], where [x] is the steady-state concentration of substance x. imagine an individual with an initial concentration of x equal to [x]0 who develops kidney disease. her baseline clearance c0 drops to one half of the original (½c0). what is the new steady state concentration of x? (for simplicity, assume that substance x is 100% filtered by the kidney).

Astudent from one of the research labs is having trouble preparing a slide for examination and photographing. the bacterial slide that he has brought to you was prepared using a commercially purchased stain. he has asked for your in determining what he is doing wrong so that he can change the lab protocols and continue on with his project. after examining the slide under oil immersion, you determine that no bacteria are present even though the student is able to show you the culture he used to make that slide that has visible growth in the liquid medium. which of the following statements does not explain the fact that there are no bacteria present on the student’s slide? by not allowing a glass slide to completely air dry before heat fixation, the flame will cause the surrounding water to boil and this will damage the bacterial cell. overheating during the fixation step boiled the water within the bacterial cells and resulted in the cells bursting. insufficient heating of the slide did not drive out the thin layer of water and this resulted in minimal bonding between the bacteria and the glass slide. rinsing with alcohol during the washing step stripped the bacteria off the glass slide. rinsing with alcohol during the washing step stripped the bacteria off the glass slide.

Slow down transpiration by the stomata question 9 options: a guard cells; closing b chloroplasts; closing c guard cells; opening d chloroplasts; opening