In some flowers, a purple pigment is synthesized from a red precursor pigment. In the absence of all pigment, flowers are white. A pure-breeding plant with red flowers was crossed to a pure-breeding plant with white flowers. All of the F 1 plants had white flowers. The F 1 plants were crossed to each other, and the F 2 consisted of 165 plants: 123 with white flowers, 32 with purple flowers, and 11 with red flowers. How do these results suggest that flower color is determined

Recessive epistasis

Explanation:

Epistasis is a gene interaction it influences a phenotype. Genes can mask each other effect with one been dominant over the other or they can both be expressed to produce a new trait.

It is the conditional relationship between two genes that can determine a single traits. When there are two alleles that dictate phenotypes they can affect one another such that allele of one gene is recessive to one that is a dominant allele over the other.

A recessive epistasis occur when a recessive allele mask the expression of both recessive and dominant allele of another locus. Allele for white color mask the effect of other alleles expressing itself over them to give a phenotypic ratio of 9:3:4 a deviation from normal mendelian principle.

When a dominant allele masks the effect of both dominant and recessive alleles at another locus, it is a dominant epistasis.

good thing- during decomposition the organic molecules in organic matter are broken down into simpler organic molecules that require further decomposition or into mineralised nutrients

bad thing- it can be harmful in crop productivity

americans began to notice growing differences between the northern and southern sections of the country. there were more people living in cities in the north, which made it more urban. more people lived on farms in the south, which made it more rural. while many people were farmers in the northern states, there were now other ways to make a living, such as working in mechanical cotton gins factories manufacturing cloth, tools and other goods. people in the north supported high tariffs on goods imported from europe because the extra cost encouraged people to “buy american” instead. in the southern states, planters did not like tariffs because they sold most of their production to europe and bought their tools from there as well. southerners believed the protective tariff was something that only northern factory owners keep their profits high. so the southern politicians came up with an idea. they would opt out. they would simply ignore the protective tariff. it was ‘null and void’ in south carolina. the state would not collect the taxes on goods imported into south carolina, no matter what the president said they had to do. this decision led to the nullification crisis.