Fire ecology is... A. an old branch of science
b. a way for scientists to prevent accidental wildfires
C. the study of how fire affects ecosystems
d. all of the above

c

Explanation:

fire ecology is the study of the interaction between ecosystems and the wildfires that occur naturally within them.

i believe it would be the lungs.

micro/nanoscale topography surface exhibits many prominent properties and is extensively employed in biomedical device, microfluidic device and energy device fabrication. additionally, the clinical applications of biomaterials can be largely expanded with of nanostructured surfaces.