Arthritis and other similar diseases can cause a narrowing of the spinal foramen. The images below show a healthy spine and a spine with a narrow foramen. Which symptom would an individual with a narrow foramen most likely experience?

A.
poor posture from loss of tendon attachment sites
B.
lower blood pressure from increased blood flow
C.
increased flexibility from the constriction of muscle
D.
back pain from the compressed nerves

In sweet pea, gene c is responsible for color production and gene p is responsible for the purple color pigment. both of them are located on two different loci on different chromosomes. the flowers will be purple only when the plant has the genotypes as c_p_. no color will be produced with genotypes: ccpp, ccpp, ccpp, ccpp. thus, gene c controls the expression of gene p. what pattern of inheritance is exhibited here? a. pleiotropy b. epistasis c. multiple alleles